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I

IANA - Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

All world-wide unique parameter values for Internet protocols are registered with the IANA. The following character sets are officially registered:

US-ASCII, ISO-8859-1 .. ISO-8859-9, ISO-2022-JP, ISO-2022-JP-2, ISO-2022-KR, UNICODE-1-1, UNICODE-1-1-UTF-7, UNICODE-1-1-UTF-8.

IC - Integrated Circuit

An electronic circuit on a single silicon chip. Invented in 1957. Another name for IC is "chip".

ICANN - Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

This non-profit company is now responsible for the administration of IP numbers, domain names and IPs. Therefore, it has three sub-organisations, one for each area of work.

The directing board consists of 19 members: 1 president, 9 delegated members (3 delegated by each of the three sub-organisations) and 9 elected members. The president is elected by the 18 members of the board.

In 2000, 5 of 9 to-be-elected members have been elected in a public online election.

ICMP - Internet Control Message Protocol

IETF - Internet Engineering Task Force

An open international organization, responsible for the development of the Internet, publicates RFCs.

IFF - Interchange File Format

A modular file format for bitmap images, text documents, samples, ... See also: BMP, GIF, HDF, JPEG, PBM, PCD, PGM, PNG, PNM, PPM, TIFF, XBM.

IP - Internet Protocol

see TCP/IP

IPA - International Phonetic Association

This organization has defined the phonetic symbols used in most dictionaries.

IRC - Internet Relay Chat

This service allows several people to exchange text information simultaneously.

ISBN - International Standard Book Number

ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network

Standards (for example Euro-ISDN) for digital networks that allow digital phone, fax, video and data transfer using one single line with transfer rates of (Euro-ISDN) 19200, 38400, 57500, 64000 and (EEH-ISDN) 76000 bps. Some protocols are, for example V.110, V.120, X.75 and T70NL (used by T-Online, the online service of Deutsche Telekom AG).

ISO - International Organization for Standardization (not really an acronym!)

All standards of the ISO begin with ISO:

ISO 646:1983 - "ASCII" standard 7-bit character set.
ISO 8859-1 - "Latin-1" standard 8-bit character set. The first 128 characters are also known as "ASCII". This set includes most european special characters. It is used in operating systems like AmigaOS & X-Windows and in Internet services like E-Mail & WWW.
ISO 8879:1986 - SGML applications
ISO 9660:1991/1992? - CD-ROM file system.

ISP - Internet Service Provider

A company or an organization that offers Internet access.

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